Lipid subfraction testing provides detailed information about the types and amounts of lipids (fats) present in the blood. This test measures the different subfractions of lipids, such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL).
Lipid subfraction testing is more comprehensive than standard lipid tests which only measure total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. By analysing the different subfractions of lipids, practitioners can get a more complete picture of a person's lipid profile and may better understand their risk for cardiovascular disease.
LDL cholesterol is often referred to as "bad" cholesterol because it can contribute to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, which can lead to heart disease. However, not all LDL cholesterol is equally harmful. Some subfractions of LDL cholesterol, such as small, dense LDL particles, are more harmful than others. Lipid subfraction testing can identify these subfractions and may help inform the risk for cardiovascular disease.